内建DNS服务器–BIND

[root@clsn6 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS release 6.9 (Final)
[root@clsn6 ~]# uname -r 
2.6.32-696.el6.x86_64
[root@clsn6 ~]# sestatus 
SELinux status:                 disabled
[root@clsn6 ~]# /etc/init.d/iptables status
iptables: Firewall is not running.
[root@clsn6 ~]# hostname  -I
10.0.0.188 172.16.1.188 192.168.19.105

[root@clsn6 ~]# yum install bind*  -y 
# 文件说明
[root@clsn6 ~]# rpm -ql bind 
/etc/named.conf  # 主配置文件
/etc/named.rfc1912.zones  # 区域解析库文件 
/var/log/named.log #日志文件
/var/named #服务根目录

cp -p /etc/named.conf{,.bak}

[root@clsn6 ~]# cat  /etc/named.conf
# 修改监听地址，删除ipv6监听
options {
    listen-on port 53 { 192.168.19.105; };
    ··· # 运行所有地址请求
    allow-query     { localhost;any; };
    ···
}

[root@clsn6 ~]# named-checkconf /etc/named.conf

[root@clsn6 ~]# /etc/init.d/named start 
Generating /etc/rndc.key:                                  [  OK  ]
Starting named:                                            [  OK  ]

[root@clsn6 ~]# netstat -lntup |grep :53
tcp 0 0 192.168.19.105:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 4227/named-sdb 
udp 0 0 192.168.19.105:53 0.0.0.0:* 4227/named-sdb

[root@clsn6 named]# dig nmtui.com @192.168.19.105

; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.4 <<>> nmtui.com @192.168.19.105
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER < < opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 38139
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 2, ADDITIONAL: 16

;; QUESTION SECTION:
;nmtui.com.    IN    A

;; ANSWER SECTION:
nmtui.com.    38    IN    A    121.42.87.209

;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
nmtui.com.    172237    IN    NS    dns2.hichina.com.
nmtui.com.    172237    IN    NS    dns1.hichina.com.

;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
dns2.hichina.com.    172237    IN    A    106.11.211.54
dns2.hichina.com.    172237    IN    A    106.11.211.64
dns2.hichina.com.    172237    IN    A    140.205.41.14
dns2.hichina.com.    172237    IN    A    140.205.41.24
dns2.hichina.com.    172237    IN    A    140.205.81.14
dns2.hichina.com.    172237    IN    A    140.205.81.24
dns2.hichina.com.    172237    IN    A    106.11.141.114
dns2.hichina.com.    172237    IN    A    106.11.141.124
dns1.hichina.com.    172237    IN    A    106.11.211.63
dns1.hichina.com.    172237    IN    A    140.205.41.13
dns1.hichina.com.    172237    IN    A    140.205.41.23
dns1.hichina.com.    172237    IN    A    140.205.81.13
dns1.hichina.com.    172237    IN    A    140.205.81.23
dns1.hichina.com.    172237    IN    A    106.11.141.113
dns1.hichina.com.    172237    IN    A    106.11.141.123
dns1.hichina.com.    172237    IN    A    106.11.211.53

;; Query time: 0 msec
;; SERVER: 192.168.19.105#53(192.168.19.105)
;; WHEN: Tue Feb 6 21:03:38 2018
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 345

[root@clsn6 ~]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones 
zone "nmtui.com" IN { # hengxia.top是域名
type master; # 表示权威DNS，即第一个
file "nmtui.com.zone"; # 域数据库，默认位于/var/named/下面，只需告知文件名nmtui.com.zone是库文件名
};

复制文件
[root@clsn6 named]# cp -av named.localhost nmtui.com.zone
'named.localhost' -> 'nmtui.com.zone' ## 注意cp -a 保持原有属性

[root@clsn6 named]# cat  nmtui.com.zone   # 解析区域数据库格式，存放名字与IP的对应关系
$TTL 1D   # 统一定义TTL(过期时间、缓存时间）
@    IN SOA    @ rname.invalid. (   # SOA记录 IN internet技术 IN第一条要写，后面可以省略，可继承第一条IN  rname.invalid.  资源的类型  
                    0    ; serial
                    1D    ; refresh
                    1H    ; retry
                    1W    ; expire
                    3H )    ; minimum
    NS    @    # 代表当前配置域
    A    127.0.0.1     # A记录 名字 到 IP   对应IPv4地址
    AAAA    ::1   # A记录 名字 到 IP   对应IPv6地址

[root@clsn6 named]# cat /var/named/nmtui.com.zone 
$TTL 1D
@       IN SOA  @ nmtui.top. (
                                        30      ; serial
                                        1M      ; refresh
                                        1M      ; retry
                                        1M      ; expire
                                        3M )    ; minimum
        NS      @
www     A       10.0.0.188
blog    A       10.0.0.188
@       A       10.0.0.188

[root@clsn6 named]# named-checkconf # 检查配置文件是否正确
# 检查区域配置是否正确
[root@clsn6 named]# named-checkzone nmtui.com /var/named/nmtui.com.zone 
zone nmtui.com/IN: loaded serial 0
OK
# 载入配置
[root@clsn6 named]# rndc reload
server reload successful
重新载入不成功可以重启服务！

C:\Users\clsn>nslookup  - 192.168.19.105
默认服务器:  UnKnown
Address:  192.168.19.105
> nmtui.com
服务器:  UnKnown
Address:  192.168.19.105

名称:    nmtui.com
Address:  10.0.0.188

> www.nmtui.com
服务器:  UnKnown
Address:  192.168.19.105

名称:    www.nmtui.com
Address:  10.0.0.188

> blog.nmtui.com
服务器:  UnKnown
Address:  192.168.19.105

名称:    blog.nmtui.com
Address:  10.0.0.188

[root@clsn6 named]# nslookup - 192.168.19.105
> nmtui.top
Server:    192.168.19.105
Address:    192.168.19.105#53

Name:    nmtui.top
Address: 10.0.0.188

[root@clsn6 named]# dig nmtui.com @192.168.19.105

; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.62.rc1.el6_9.4 <<>> nmtui.com @192.168.19.105
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 43306
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0

;; QUESTION SECTION:
;nmtui.com.    IN    A

;; ANSWER SECTION:
nmtui.com.    86400    IN    A    10.0.0.188

;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
nmtui.com.    86400    IN    NS    nmtui.com.

;; Query time: 0 msec
;; SERVER: 192.168.19.105#53(192.168.19.105)
;; WHEN: Tue Feb 6 20:58:20 2018
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 57

[root@clsn6 named]# ping www.nmtui.com -c1 
PING www.nmtui.com (10.0.0.188) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 10.0.0.188: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.010 ms

--- www.nmtui.com ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.010/0.010/0.010/0.000 ms